Water-cooler for motive-power engines.



PATENT-ED SEPTQZZ, 1903. L. COOPER & D. T. DAVIES. WATER 000mm FOR MOTIVE POWER ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 7. 1903.

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N0 MODEL.

zl Jz'irzesses PATENTED SEPT. 22, 1903. E. L. GOOPBR & D. T. DAVIES.

' WATER COOLER FOR MOTIVB POWER ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7. 190a.

N0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES EDMUND LUCAS COOPER AND i atented September 22, 1 903.

* PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID THOMAS DAVIES, OF BIRMINGHAM,

ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 739,293, dated September 22, 1903.

Application filed March 7, 1903.

Serial No. 146,737. (No model.)

able and effective for cooling the water employed to limit the rise of temperature of the cylinders of internal-combustion motors. A proper and effective limitation of the rise of temperature of the cylinders of the-latter description of motors has a very important bearing upon the power and efficiency obtained, and hence is particularly important when such internal-combustion motors are employed for,

motor-driven vehicles. I I

In motor-driven vehicles the cylinders-of the explosion engines are frequently only cooled by simple atmospheric radiation, and since the limitation of sufficiency of this mode is reached with very small sizes of motors it is frequently augmented by a forced-air circulation. It is, however,'well known to be far cheaper and more efficient to effect the coolingof the cylinder by means of water which circulates by convection through pipes having surface enough to carry offthe heat.

Most coolers employed upon motor-vehicles are of the tube and gill or radiator kind, and very considerable numbers of such coolers,

' and which are at the present time considered to be very effective, are connected with a small circulating-pump, by which the cooling water is kept in constant circulation through the radiator-tubes.

It is, we consider, obvious that theevaporation of water by waste heat is the cheapest method of cooling and that the best cooler for most purposes, and especiallyfor the explosion-engines of motor-driven vehicles, is that which presents very large surfaces and at the same time of such a form and construction as will secure a good circulation of the water without even the necessity of employing a circulating-pump and at the same time will effectively cool the water; and we have found that as hitherto constructed the ordi nary radiators with a natural water-circulation are not effective, and we have therefore had before us as the object of our present invention the increase of the efticiency of such water-cooling apparatus. 7

As the result of our experiments we have found that to depend for the cooling of the water upon the simple heat radiation from the surfaces of the tubes through which the water was passed was not effective, and therefore our attention is drawn to the fact that some other means should be adopted for more quickly carrying off or conducting the heat from the water to be cooled, and to this end We have adopted, according to our invention,

the employment of a porous fabric in the con- I struction of the circulator in order that not only should the water be cooled by simple radiation, but the cooling effect should be still further and greatly augmented-by surface evaporation.

In carrying our invention into practice and as applied, for instance, to the water-cooling apparatus for the internal-combustion motor of a motor-driven vehicle we may provide two suitably subdivided water-columns, connected by tubes through which the water is to have a circuitous circulation by, say, convection; but in stead of formingjthe tubes of metal with gills or radiating -blad es, as usual, we form such tubes of fabric-for example, canvas vwoven of such a texture or made of such a thickness that although there shall not be direct leakage of water, yet the walls of the fabric conduits shall be so far permeable as to allow the water to reach their exterior surfaces. exterior surfaces of the conduits will thenbe The film of water thus supplied'to the acted upon by the air (with either natural or forced draft) and evaporative cooling of the water in the tubes will result, as well as the cooling which takes place by'natural radiation. The results of such a construction we have found to be highly effective and advantageous, and satisfactory results can readily be obtained without employing artificial water-circulation. I

The invention readily lends itself to any required design of watercooler, as will be readily understood, and in further explanation we will describe the application of the invention to a water cooler of wellknown type.

Figure 1 is a vertical section 011 the line X Y of Fig. 2, showing an example of a cooler constructed according to our invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line X Y of Fig. 3; and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view, the right-hand half being taken about the line X Y of Fig. 1 and the left-hand half upon the line X Y of Fig. 1.

The drawings show a watercooler suitable for placement in the front of a motor-driven vehicle for cooling the water used for limiting the ten'iperat-urc of the 1notor-cylinders, and at Fig. 2 one of the cylinders 1 of an ordinary explosion-engine is shown, and from the water jacket of that cylinder the. cooling water, which is to have in this case a natural circulation passes bya metal tube 2 to enter the uppermost chamber of a water-column The metal tube 2 from the water-jacket of the cylinder is but of short length, and from the uppermost chamber of the water-column 3 a short nozzle 4 projects, and to connect the short elbow-pipe 2 and the nozzle 4 we provide a tube 5 of textile fabric, such as we have before explained. The water circulates as usual from the uppermost chamber of the column 3 through the nozzle 6, Fig. 1, and passes through a metal elbow 7, Figs. 1 and 3, and connecting the nozzle 6 and the elbow 7 is a fabric tube 8.

From the metal elbow 7 to the opposite elbow another frabric tube .l extends, and from the latter elbow another canvas tube extends to the uppermost chamber of a water-column 10. The Water thus circulates in a circuitous path, passing from one chamber of one of the water-coll] runs to a lower chamber of the next water-column, and from that second watercolumn to a lower chamber of the first watercolumn, and so on circuitously, and finally passes by a nozzle 11, Fig. 2, and fabric tube 12 to a nozzle 13, connected with the lower part of the waterjacket of the cylinder 1. The elbows, such as 7, are connected together in the construction we have elected to show and form a kind of column-support for the forward bends of the rectangle of fabric tubes. Such is a suitable construction of cooler for application to a motor-driven vehicle; but it regress will be readily understood that the details of construction may be easily varied without departing from our invention, and although We have mentioned that when constructed according to our invention a natural circulation of the water is sufficient, yet obviously artificial circulation by means of pumps or the like may be adopted, if so desired; but we have found our invention to be quite efficient and not to require the employment of pumps or the use of: tanks. \Vhile the invention does not involve a complication of pipe connections it is self-contained, one-fourth the weight and cost of the majority of circulators, and is re markably efficient in effectually cooling the Water.

\Vhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In Water-coolers for motive-power engines, the combination with the cylinder of an internalcombustion motor, a water-jacket around the cylinder, a tubular nozzle com municating with the upper part of the Waterjacket chamber, a fabric tube extending from the said nozzle, a subdivided water-colun'ln, a nozzle projecting from the upper chamber of the water-column with which the fabric tube from the water jacket nozzle is connccted, a tubular nozzle projecting from the lower part of the water-jacket and a fabric tube connected to the said tubular nozzle of the water-jacket, a second subdivided Watercolumn, and a nozzle from the lower chamber of the said second water-column with which nozzle the second fabric tube from the water-jacket is connected; of a series of circuitouslyextending fabric tubes from the alternate chambers of the first water-column to the chambers of the second water-column, and means for supporting the said circuitously-extending fabric tubes so as to hold the same exposed to the air-currents all the fabric tubing being of a texture which will allow the water circulating therein to also form a film upon the exterior surface to cause the water to be cooled by evaporation and radiation, substantially as set forth.

EDMUND LUCAS COOPER. DAVID THOMAS DAVIES. Witnesses:

ALBERT NE'WEY, Tnos. E. HUGHES. 

